|
|
|
| ||||
Last Loaded on Web: Thursday, May 01, 2008
The Dictionary of Substances and their Effects (DOSE) is a unique guide to the impact of chemicals on organisms and the environment. DOSE contains detailed records for more than 4000 chemicals. These chemicals have been selected from sources such as Europe's Black List and Grey List of dangerous substances, the UK's Red List, priority pollutant lists from the USA and Canada, and the pollutant list from Germany. Other chemicals which are reported to have adverse effects on the environment are also covered.
USE FILE 307to identify the hazards of chemicals to both mammals and the environment and to make rapid hazard assessment on a chemical which leads to risk assessment and beyond. USE MAPto expand a search to other databases. Use SY (Synonyms), RN (CAS® Registry Number), or SYRN (combination of both) as the field(s) to be extracted from records into a SearchSave, which is then executed in other files. MAP SYRN TEMPBEGIN TOXICOL; EXS USE /NA, NA=to isolate a particular chemical or substance by name. EXPAND NA=1,8-ETHYLENENAPHTHALENEUSE RN=to retrieve substances by CAS® Registry Number. |
DOSE includes the following data and information:
| Dates Covered: | Current |
|---|---|
| File Size: | 4,123 records as of March 2001 |
| Update Frequency: | Closed |
| ACRONYM | CATEGORY NAME |
|---|---|
| CASREGNO | CAS(R) Registry Numbers-Chemical and Medical Files |
| CHEMPROP | Chemical Properties |
| CHEMREGS | Chemical Regulation |
| CHEMSUBS | Chemical Substances |
| PHARMR | Pharmacology + RINGDOC-Files |
| REGS | Regulations |
| RNCHEM | CAS(R) Registry Numbers - Chemistry Files |
| SAFETY | Safety |
| TOXHAND | Toxicity Handbooks |
| TOXICOL | Toxicology |
|
The Dictionary of Substances and their Effects (DOSE) database is provided by the Royal Society of Chemistry. Questions concerning file content should be directed to: Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road Cambridge, United Kingdom
|
For Dialog's Redistribution and Archive Policy, enter HELP ERA online. The following terms and conditions also apply.
These databases are copyrighted by The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). These databases may not be copied in entirety. Portions of the databases may not be copied such as to have the effect of avoiding use charges for the databases. Except as expressly stated in Dialog Redistribution and Archive Policy, copies may not be offered for resale. RSC shall use its best endeavours to ensure that the information contained in the databases is accurate and up-to-date, but RSC accepts no liability for omissions or errors therein or their consequences.
| DIALOG(R)File 307:DOSE | |
| (c) 1997 Royal Society of Chemistry. All rts. reserv. | |
| AA= | 00000810 Record Id: 1359 |
| /CN,CN=,/NA,NA= | SUBSTANCE NAME: styrene oxide |
| RN= | CAS REGISTRY NUMBER 96-09-3 |
| /NA,NA=,/SY,SY= | SYNONYMS: phenyloxirane; (epoxyethyl)benzene; 1,2-epoxy- |
| 1-phenylethane; epoxystyrene; phenethylene oxide; styryl | |
| oxide; phenyl oxirane | |
| US=, /US | USES: In manufacture of styrene glycol and derivatives. In |
| manufacture of epoxy resins, beta-phenethyl alcohol, | |
| polyols and agrochemicals. In treatment of textiles and | |
| fibres. | |
| /OC, OC= | OCCURS: Tentatively identifed in US air samples (1,2). In effluent from |
| latex and chemical plants (3). | |
| /PP | PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: |
| MW= | MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 120.15 |
| MF=, EC=, /EC, | MOLECULAR FORMULA: C8H8O |
| ME=, NC=, NE= | |
| MP=, MT= | MELTING POINT: -35.6 Deg C |
| BP=, BT= | BOILING POINT: 194 Deg C |
| VP=, VT= | VAPOR PRESSURE: v.p. 0.3 mmHg at 20 Deg C ; v.den. 4.1 |
| DN=, DT= | DENSITY: d(16)4 1.0523 |
| PI=, PT= | PARTITION COEFFICIENT: log Pow 1.61 |
| SL= | SOLUBILITY WATER (NUMERIC): 0.3% |
| SL= | SOLUBILITY OTHER SOLVENTS: ethanol, diethyl ether, |
| benzene, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, heptane, | |
| methanol | |
| FP=, FT= | FLASH POINT: 79 Deg C (open cup) |
| /RG | REGULATORY: |
| REGULATORY NUMBERS: | |
| NI=, RR= | NIOSH Number: CZ 9625000 |
| EI= | EINECS/ELINCS No.: 202-476-7 |
| Supply Classification: toxic | |
| Risk Phrases: May cause cancer -Harmful in contact | |
| with skin -Irritating to the eyes (R45, R21, R36) | |
| Safety Phrases: Restricted to professional users | |
| -Avoid exposure -obtain special instruction before | |
| use -In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek | |
| medical advice immediately (show label where possible) | |
| (S53, S45) | |
| /TO | TOXICITY: |
| MAMMALIAN AND AVIAN TOXICITY: | |
| ACUTE TOXICITY: LD50 oral mouse, rat 1500, 2000 mg | |
| kg(-1), respectively (5,6). LCLo (4 hr) inhalation | |
| rat 500 ppm (7). LD50 dermal rabbit 1060 mg kg(-1) | |
| (7). LD50 intraperitoneal rat 460 mg kg(-1) (8). | |
| SUB-CHRONIC TOXICITY: Mortality was high in rats | |
| inhaling 97 or 300 ppm 7 hr day(-1) for 3 wk | |
| pregestational period and on gestation days 1-19 | |
| (9,10). | |
| CARCINOGENICITY AND CHRONIC EFFECTS: | |
| No adequate evidence for carcinogenicity in humans, | |
| sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity in animals, | |
| IARC classification group 2A (11). BDIV and | |
| Sprague-Dawley rats developed significantly increased | |
| incidence of forestomach tumours following oral | |
| administration (12,13). In skin painting studies mice | |
| showed no increased incidence of skin tumours (14). | |
| GENOTOXICITY: Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA1535 | |
| without metabolic activation positive (31-33). | |
| Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA1537, TA1538 with and | |
| without metabolic activation negative (31-33). | |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitotic gene conversion | |
| positive (34). Drosophila melanogaster sex-linked | |
| recessive lethal mutations positive (35). In vitro | |
| rat hepatocytes DNA single-strand breaks positive | |
| (...) | |
| /TO | TERATOGENICITY AND REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS: Inhalation |
| exposure during gestation to 15-100 ppm reduced | |
| fecundity, foetal weight and length in rats and | |
| rabbits and gave rise to ossification defects in | |
| rats (9,15,16). Reduced embryonic viability and | |
| malformations reported when administered to hens | |
| eggs (17,18). | |
| /TO | METABOLISM AND TOXICOKINETICS: Detected in the venous |
| blood of workers exposed to styrene (3). Following | |
| intraperitoneal injection of styrene to mice the | |
| highest concentrations were found in the kidneys, | |
| subcutaneous adipose tissue and blood 1-5 hr after | |
| administration (19,20). Hydrolysed microsomal | |
| epoxide hydrolase from the liver, kidneys, lungs, | |
| intestine, and skin of several mammalian species to | |
| styrene glycol (21). Other metabolic products include | |
| mandelic acid and glutathione conjugates (22,23). | |
| (...) | |
| /TO | ADVERSE EFFECTS: |
| IRRITANCY: Dermal rabbit (24 hr) 10 mg caused well | |
| defined erythema and slight oedema (open to the air) | |
| (5). Skin irritant in humans (28). | |
| SENSITIZATION: Guinea pig skin sensitised by intradermal | |
| injection (29). Caused eye and skin irritation and | |
| skin sensitisation in humans (30). | |
| OTHER ADVERSE EFFECTS TO MAN: Inhalation may cause | |
| fatigue, headache, weakness, peripheral neuropathy, | |
| unsteady gait and central nervous system depression | |
| (28). | |
| OTHER ADVERSE EFFECTS: Activities of liver mixed function | |
| oxidases and cytochrome P450 content decreased | |
| following single intraperitoneal dose of 375 mg kg(-1) | |
| body weight to rat (40). Concentrations of 50 and 200 | |
| mg kg(-1) body weight in rat decreased liver | |
| glutathione content (25). | |
| /DM | ENVIRONMENTAL FATE: |
| ABIOTIC REMOVAL: Waste water treatment: activated carbon | |
| adsorbability, 0.19 g g(-1) carbon; 95.3% reduction, | |
| influent 1000 mg l(-1), effluent 47 mg l(-1) (4). | |
| /TO | OTHER COMMENTS:Genotoxicity reviewed (41,42). Metabolism |
| and pharmacokinetics reviewed (27). Experimental | |
| toxicology, human health effects, physico-chemical | |
| properties and environmental effects reviewed (43). | |
| Autoignition temperature 498 Deg C. | |
| RF= | REFERENCES: |
| 1. Pellizzari, E. D. et al Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, | |
| 803-807. | |
| 2. Sawicki, E. Environmental Pollution and Carcinogenic | |
| Risks (INSERM Symposium Series Vol. 52IRC Scientific | |
| Publications No. 13) 1976, 315-316, Institut | |
| National de la Saute et de la Recherche Medicale, | |
| Paris, IARC, Lyon. | |
| (...) | |
| 43. ECETOC Technical Report No. 30(5) 1994, European | |
| Chemical Industry Ecology and Toxicology Centre, | |
| B-1160 Brussels | |
| DP=, /DP | DATA PRESENT: Uses; Melting Point; Boiling Point; Vapor |
| Pressure; Density; Partition Coefficient; Solubility; | |
| Solubility-Organic; Flash Point; Regulatory; Toxicity; | |
| Adverse Effects; Reproductive Effects; Metabolism; | |
| Environmental Fate | |
| RD=, PD=, PY= | RECORD DATE: 27 Mar 1997 |
| SEARCH SUFFIX |
DISPLAY CODE |
FIELD NAME |
INDEXING |
SELECT EXAMPLES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | None | All Basic Index Fields | Word | S LYMPHOMA AND BONE(W)MARROW |
| /CN | CN | Main Substance Name1,2,3 | Segment & Word & Phrase |
S METHYL/CN S STYRENE(W)OXIDE/CN S STYRENE OXIDE/CN |
| /DE | DE | Chemical Name1,2,3,4 | Segment & Word & Phrase |
S PHENYL(W)ETHANE/NA S EPOXY(1W)PHENYLETHANE/NA S 1,2-EPOXY-1-PHENYLETHANE/NA |
| /DM | DM | Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation5 | Word | S EFFLUENT/DM S (BOD OR THOD)/DM |
| /DP | DP | Data Present1,6 | Word | S FLASH(W)POINT/DP |
| /EC | MF | Element Count1 | Word | S C8(S)O1/EC |
| /NA | NA | Chemical Name1,2,3,4 | Segment & Word & Phrase |
S PHENYL(W)ETHANE/NA S EPOXY(1W)PHENYLETHANE/NA S 1,2-EPOXY-1-PHENYLETHANE/NA |
| /OC | OC | Occurrence | Word | S AIR(W)SAMPLE?/OC |
| /PP | PP | Physical Properties | Word | S LOG(W)POW/PP |
| /RG | RG | Regulatory Information | Word | S NIOSH(W)NUMBER/RG |
| /SY | SY | Synonyms1,2,3 | Segment & Word & Phrase |
S ETHYLENE/SY S PHENETHYLENE(W)OXIDE/SY S PHENETHYLENE OXIDE/SY |
| /TO | TO | Toxicity7 | Word | S (LD50(5W)RAT)/TO |
| /US | US | Uses1 | Word | S (AGROCHEMICALS OR RESINS)/US |
1 Searchable in the Basic Index and in the Additional Indexes.
2 All chemical names are searchable as /NA, /DE, or NA=.
3 Chemical names are indexed as complete phrases, individual words, and chemically significant segments of words. Use /FW to restrict rerieval to the complete term, e.g., S ETHANE/FW to only select ethane as a single word rather than as a segment of a larger chemical term, such as trichloroethane.
5 Also searchable as /TO; also displays with TO.
6 Possible entries for Data Present are: Adverse Effects; Boiling Point; Density; Environment Fate; Flash Point; Melting Point; Metabolism; Partition Coefficient; Regulatory; Reproductive Effects; Solubility; Toxicity; Uses; Vapor Pressure.
7 Toxicity field includes Adverse Effects, Reproductive Effects, and Metabolism Effects.
| SEARCH PREFIX |
DISPLAY CODE |
FIELD NAME |
INDEXING |
SELECT EXAMPLES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AA= | AA | Record Identification Number | Phrase | S AA=1359 |
| None | AE | Adverse Effects7 | ||
| None | AN | DIALOG Accession Number | ||
| None | AZ | DIALOG Accession Number | ||
| BP= | BP | Boiling Point (Celsius)8,10 | Numeric | S BP=190:200 |
| BT= | BT | Boiling Point Text | Word | S BT=(194 AND DEG) |
| CN= | CN | Main Substance Name1,2 | Phrase | S CN=STYRENE OXIDE |
| DN= | DN | Density (Specific Gravity)8,10 | Numeric | S DN=>1.0 |
| DP= | DP | Data Present1,6 | Phrase | S DP=PARTITION COEFFICIENT |
| DT= | DT | Density Text | Word | S DT=(1(W)0523) |
| EC= | MF | Element Count1 | Phrase | S EC=(C0008(S)O0001) |
| EI= | EI | EINECS/ELINCS Number | Phrase | S EI=202-476-7 |
| FP= | FP | Flash Point (Celsius)8,10 | Numeric | S FP=75:80 |
| FT= | FT | Flash Point Text | Word | S FT=(OPEN(W)CUP) |
| ME= | MF | Molecular Elements Present | Phrase | S ME=CHO |
| MF= | MF | Molecular Formula | Phrase | S MF=C8H8O |
| MP= | MP | Melting Point (Celsius)8,10 | Numeric | S MP=-35.6 |
| MT= | MT | Melting Point Text | Word | S MT=(35(W)6(W)DEG (W)C) |
| MW= | MW | Molecular Weight8 | Numeric | S MW=120.15 |
| NA= | NA | Chemical Name1,2 | Phrase | S NA=PHENYL OXIRANE |
| NC= | MF | Number of Components | Phrase | S NC=01 |
| NE= | MF | Number of Elements | Phrase | S NE=03 |
| NI= | NI | NIOSH Number | Phrase | S NI= CZ 9625000 |
| OC= | OC | Occurrence | Word | S OC=LATEX |
| PD= | PD | Record Date9 | Phrase | S PD=970327 |
| PI= | PI | Partition Coefficient8,10 | Numeric | S PI=1.61 |
| PT= | PT | Partition Coefficient Text | Word | S PT=(LOG(W)POW(W)1(W)61) |
| PY= | PY | Publication Year | Phrase | S PY=1997 |
| RD= | RD | Record Date9 | Phrase | S RD=27 Mar 1997 |
| RF= | RF | References | Word | S RF=(EUROPEAN(W)CHEMICAL(W)IND?) |
| RN= | RN | CAS(R) Registry Number | Phrase | S RN=96-09-3 |
| RR= | RR | RTECS Number | Phrase | S RR=CZ9625000 |
| SL= | SL | Solubility | Word | S SL=(ETHANOL AND ACETONE) S SL=(0(W)3) |
| SY= | SY | Synonyms1,2 | Phrase | S SY=1,2-EPOXY-1-PHENYLETHANE |
| UD= | None | Update | Phrase | S UD=9999 |
| UN= | UN | UN Number | Phrase | S UN=1114 |
| US= | US | Uses1 | Word | S US=(TEXTILES OR FIBRES) |
| VP= | VP | Vapor Pressure (mmHg)8,10 | Numeric | S VP=0.3 |
| VT= | VT | Vapor Pressure Text | Word | S VT=(0(W)3(W)MMHG AND V(W)DEN) |
8 Numeric values can be entered in several different ways: directly as a number, e.g. S BP=100.0; or in exponential notation, e.g. S BP=1E2. Letter abbreviations are also available: K for thousand; M for million, B for billion, e.g. S BP=0.5K:1.0K. To search a range of values, use a colon between starting and ending values, e.g. S BP=78:79, or use numeric operators (>, <, >=, and <=) e.g. S 78<=BP<=79.
9 Record Date, RD=, and Publication Date, PD=, contain the same information, formatted differently.
10 KWIC does not work on the following fields in this database: BP, DN, FP, MP, PI, and VP.
| Sets and terms may be limited by Basic Index suffixes, i.e., /CN, /DE, /DM, /DP, /EC, /NA, /PP, /RG, /SY, /TO, /US (e.g., SELECT S3/TO/ALL). |
| SORTABLE FIELDS | EXAMPLES |
|---|---|
| CN, MF, PD, RN, SY | SORT S4/ALL/RN PRINT S7/9/ALL/CN |
| RANK FIELDS | EXAMPLES |
|---|---|
| All phrase- and numeric-indexed fields in the Additional Indexes can be ranked. | RANK BP RANK CN S4 |
| MAP FIELDS | EXAMPLES |
|---|---|
| NA, RN, SY | MAP SYRN TEMP S2 |
| User-defined formats may be specified using the display codes indicated in the Search Options tables. | TYPE S4/NA,RN,TO/1-5 |
| NO. |
DIALOGWEB FORMAT |
RECORD CONTENT |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | -- | DIALOG Accession Number |
| 2 | -- | Chemical Names, CAS Registry Number, Molecular Weight, Molecular Formula, Toxicity, Environmental Effect, and Data Present11 |
| 3 | Medium | Chemical Names, CAS Registry Number, Physical Properties, and Data Present11 |
| 4 | -- | Full Record with Tagged Fields |
| 5 | Long | Full Record |
| 6 | -- | Chemical Names |
| 7 | -- | Chemical Names, CAS Registry Number, Molecular Weight, Molecular Formula, Regulations, and Data Present11 |
| 8 | Short | Chemical Names and Data Present |
| 9 | Full | Full Record |
| K | -- | KWIC (Key Word In Context) displays a window of text; may be used alone or with other formats |
11 In the place of a format number, a format name can also be specified to indicate the format, e.g., TYPE S1/TOX/ALL. The Named Formates available are: TOX, PROP, and REG.
| FIELD NAME | EXAMPLES | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| If the accession number of a specific record is known, it can be used to display the record directly. | TYPE 00199665 DISPLAY 0002789/CO,PC PRINT 0000987/5 |
||
Rates For File: Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects (DOSE)[307]
Cost per DialUnit: $2.24
Cost per minute: $0.81
Rank Elements $0.00
Format Types Prints
1 $0.00 $0.00
2 $9.73 $9.73
3 $9.73 $9.73
4 $15.56 $15.56
5 $15.56 $15.56
6 $1.95 $1.95
7 $15.56 $15.56
8 $15.56 $15.56
9 $15.56 $15.56
KWIC95 $1.30 NA
KWIC96 $1.24 NA
